机构 | .Nxt | Internet policy and governance

机构

IDN

Initial Evaluation

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Applicant

Public Interest Registry

1775 Wiehle Avenue Suite 200

Reston

Virginia

20190

United States

Phone:

+17038895778

Fax:

+17038895779

http://www.pir.org

Registry services

Afilias

Legal establishment

Non-profit

A Pennsylvania nonprofit corporation

United States

Parent company:

Not applicable. PIR is the sole applicant. The Internet Society is the sole incorporator and sole member of the Public Interest Registry (PIR).

IDN

xn--nqv7f

Meaning:

Org (Organization)

Language:

Chinese (zh)

Script:

Han (Simplified variant) -- Hans

Phonetic spelling:

N⁄A

Benefit

Mission/purpose:

The mission⁄purpose of the IDN gTLD is to offer the Chinese language community a gTLD that is an in-language and localized translation of .ORG, and to promote the mainstream adoption of Internationalized Domain Names (IDNs).

PIR wishes to extend its stewardship of .ORG to other language communities, providing a consistent end-user experience across the IDN equivalents. PIR’s deployment of an IDN, as a mainstream and proven registry operator, will serve as an important boost to promote the adoption of IDNs, and will signal to application developers to support IDNs, which in turn leads to a better user experience and usability of IDNs.

History and Way Forward

While the content of a website can appear in any language, domain names have generally been limited to the characters used in English. Since the majority of the world speaks a language other than English, this can present a significant barrier to Internet access for many cultures.

PIR has taken the first step in supporting Non-English languages through the introduction of IDNs at the second level for .ORG. These .ORG second level IDNs include Danish, German, Hungarian, Icelandic, Korean (Hangul), Latvian, Lithuanian, Polish, Spanish, Swedish, Cyrillic, and Chinese IDN.

These second-level IDNs, where the name (left of the dot) is in a Non-English language and the gTLD (right of the dot) remains in English, have been available for a number of years but only offer a partial solution for the language communities. Some languages, like Arabic, are written from right to left. IDNs at the second level are not very useful for the communities that use these languages because users would need to change both the type direction and script in the middle of entering a domain name. With this IDN gTLD application, we wish to provide a complete in-language domain name recognized as related to .ORG and a more elegant experience for the Internet user.

Public Interest Registry (PIR) manages .ORG, an unrestricted gTLD – the domain which has served the public interest for more than 25 years.

The Chinese IDN gTLD will be a valuable part of ICANN’s expansion consistent with guidance defined in Section 9.3 of the Affirmation of Commitments (AoC). Specifically, the Chinese IDN gTLD will promote the goals of the new gTLD round and the AoC reflected in the following ways:
• A stable launch of a new gTLD that provides registrants a clear choice with a relevant domain;
• Internet users trusting in the authenticity of an in-language IDN gTLD representing similar values of .ORG; and
• An active community involvement in the IDN gTLD, such as through PIR’s .ORG Advisory Council.

The Chinese IDN gTLD, administered in a trusted and responsible manner by PIR, will give organizations across this language community a unique, relevant, respected place on the Internet.

Operational rules

Pricing:

18c(ii) PIR will from time-to-time offer discount⁄rebate programs for registrations through its distribution channel.

Geographic

Protections:

The Public Interest Registry (PIR) will protect names with national or geographic significance by reserving the country and territory names at the second level and at all other levels within this gTLD, as per the requirements in the new gTLD Registry Agreement (Specification 5, paragraph 5).

We will employ a series of rules to translate the geographical names required to be reserved by Specification 5, paragraph 5 to a form consistent with the ʺhost namesʺ format used in domain names.

Considering the Governmental Advisory Committee’s (GAC) advice on “Principles regarding new gTLDs”, these domains will be blocked, at no cost to governments, public authorities, or Intergovernmental Organizations (IGOs), before this gTLD is introduced (Sunrise), so that no parties may apply for them. We will publish a list of these names before Sunrise so our registrars and their prospective applicants can be aware that these names are reserved.

We will define a procedure so that governments can request the above reserved domain(s) if they would like to take possession of them. This procedure will be based on existing methodology developed for the release of country names in the .ORG gTLD. For example, we will require a written request from the country’s GAC representative, or a written request from the country’s relevant Ministry or Department. We will allow the designated beneficiary (the registrant) to register the names, with an ICANN accredited registrar, possibly using an authorization number transmitted directly to the designated beneficiary in the country concerned.

As defined by Specification 5, paragraph 5, such geographic domains may be released to the extent that PIR reaches agreement with the applicable government(s). We will work with respective GAC representatives of the country’s relevant Ministry of Department to obtain their release of the names to PIR.

Regarding GAC advice as to second-level domains not specified via Specification 5, paragraph 5, all domains awarded to registrants are subject to the Uniform Domain Name Dispute Resolution Policy (UDRP), and to any properly-situated court proceeding. We will ensure appropriate procedures to allow governments, public authorities or IGO’s to challenge abuses of names with national or geographic significance at the second level. In its registry-registrar agreement, and flowing down to registrar-registrant agreements, PIR will institute a provision to suspend domains names in the event of a dispute. We may exercise that right in the case of a dispute over a geographic name.

Application file

1-910-16443_ .html

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